Проблемы китайского и общего языкознания. К 90-летию С. Е. Яхонтова

 561  A Summary of Classical Chinese Analytic Syntax...   1.2.1.8.1. vt[oN] b i fā b i zhòng (sic!) 百發百中 HUNDRED RE- LEASE HUNDRED HIT “ releasing [the arrows] a hundred times he hit [the target] a hundred times > he hit the target every time” *with two lexically retrievable implicit objects* 1.2.1.8.1.1. vt[oN.]-V[0] l i jiàn 來見 COME VISIT “ come ( here ) to pay a visit” *with a lexically retrievable implicit object, and a verbal post- modification where the implicit subject is lexically retrievable* [NB: one might also insist that there is a lexically retrievable implicit object in the verbal complement, but this is irrelevant to the present construction. 來 is not subcategorised for the transitivity of the verbal complement according to our account. Otherwise we should write vt[oN1.]-Vt[0][oN2] .] 1.2.1.8.2. vt(oN) shā 殺 KILL “ killed (him)” *with contextually retrievable implicit object* 1.2.1.8.2.1. vt(oN.)adV fù zhì 負至 “arrive carrying it ” *adverbial transitive verbs with contextually retrievable implicit object* 1.2.1.8.3. transitive verbs with unpronominalisable complement ob- jects vt+N jūn zhī su wèi ch ng shí wéi r n ròu r 君之所未嘗食唯人肉 耳 RULER > YOU GENITIVE/PART THE/OBJECT/WHICH/PRO NOT/ YET TRY EAT BE/ONLY PERSON FLESH MODAL/PART “As for what you have never eaten, that is only human flesh> The only thing you have never eaten is human flesh.” [NB: W i 唯 is treated as a copula here, and the copula in turn is interpreted as a transitive verb with an unpronominali- sable “predicative” object. (We cannot say w i zhī 唯之 “be only it”.) The relation + after a transitive verb remains problematic, but it conveniently assembles “fishy” objects that do not seem to invite pronominalisation with zhī 之 .] 1.2.1.8.4. Subjectless transitive verbs vt0oN yǒu zhī 有之 HAVE/ EXIST OBJECT/PRO “ there was this > this is true ” 1.2.1.8.5. vt[0]oN gu n wú su cóng xu shī s n r n 觀吾所從學 師三人 SURVEY EGO THE/OBJECT/WHICH/PRO FOLLOW STUDY TEACHER THREE PERSON “Consider the three masters I studied with!” *the lexically retrievable implicit subject being the second person pronoun, as presupposed in imperatives. The history of the range of verbs that allow or even invite imperatives in classical Chinese rewards careful attention.* 1.2.1.8.5.1. vt[0][oN] wǎng 往！ SET/OUT “[You] should leave [me/ this place]!” *with lexically retrievable implicit subject and object* 1.2.1.8.5.2. vt[0](oN) shā 殺！ “[You] should kill (him)” *with con- textually retrievable object*