Проблемы китайского и общего языкознания. К 90-летию С. Е. Яхонтова

 505  The Eastern Himalayan Corridor in Prehistory   2001]. [Morgenstierne 1973] argued that the endangered Ḍomākī language spoken by several hundred Ḍoma in Gilgit and Yasin, belonging to the min- strel and blacksmith castes, represents an ethnolinguistic remnant of the early Rroma migration through what today is northern Pakistan. From 2001, several population genetic studies corroborated the Indian an- cestry of the Rroma, comprising mtDNA, Y-chromosomal and autosomal stud- ies. Most recently, however, [Rai et al . 2012] for the first time provided clear population genetic evidence on the basis of the H1a1a paternal signature for the identification of the paternal ancestry of the the Rroma specifically with the Ḍoma of northwestern India. The Ḍoma are a subset of the Śūdra caste, rep- resenting an indigeous population of the Indian subcontinent who were incor- porated into the lowest tier of the caturavar ṇ a caste system. This finding cor- roborates inferences made by linguists and ethnographers in the past and sheds light on the possible sociolinguistic nature of the migration which brought an Indo-Aryan speaking population as far west as the Irish Sea and beyond. Previously it has been proposed that the spread of Y chromosomal R sub- clades is likely to be linked to the dispersal of Indo-European from an original homeland in the Pontic-Caspian steppe [van Driem 2007, 2012a: Figure 23], but the unfolding story of Y chromosomal R lineages will no doubt turn out to Figure 24. Y chromosomal lineage L shows a great diversity of subclades on the Iranian highland and is the possible marker of a patrilingual dispersal of Elamo- Dravidian emanating from the Bactria and Margiana region